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 <title>NPR Options in Education, “Profile of Shanker”</title>
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 <description>&lt;p&gt;In this profile of Al Shanker, various colleagues, rivals, and critics, like Terry Herndon, William Simons, and David Seldon, are interviewed about Shanker. John Merrow and Barbara Reinhardt also interview Shanker himself on a variety of educational and personal topics including Jimmy Carter&#039;s performance, corporal punishment, test score decline, and busing and school integration.&lt;/p&gt;
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 <title>NPR Options in Education, “The Great Debate III”</title>
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 <description>&lt;p&gt;John Merrow interviews Al Shanker and NEA Executive Director Terry Herndon. They begin by discussing discipline in schools and corporal punishment. Then, Merrow asks the union leaders about standardized tests for students and about evaluative examinations for teachers. The debate then turns to tenure. Herndon and Shanker both advocate strongly for tenure while Merrow questions its purpose. Next the leaders discuss affirmative action and quotas, especially focusing on a court case, Bakke v. &lt;span class=&#039;read-more&#039;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/3892&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;read&amp;nbsp;more&amp;nbsp;&amp;raquo;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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