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 <title>Paraprofessionals in Education</title>
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<item>
 <title> United Educators of San Francisco Local 61 Records</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/2089</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;The United Educators of San Francisco formed in 1989 after a merger of the local American Federation of Teachers and National Education Association chapters. The Union represents teachers and paraprofessionals in the San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD). Prior to the merger, membership was split between the two unions - AFT Local 61 San Francisco Federation of Teachers, and the NEA affiliated San Francisco Classroom Teachers Association - and a large number of teachers opted out of membership altogether. Neither union had the numbers to establish a stable leadership position. Once the Rodda Act granted bargaining rights in California, the SFFT and SFCTA fought for control of SFUSD collective bargaining for teachers, alternately winning elections. This divisiveness hurt the unions’ bargaining position with the school board. For many years, beginning with SFFT President James Ballard in the 1970s, the two unions held discussions on a potential merger. It wasn’t until 1989 under SFFT president Joan Marie Shelley and SFCTA President Judy Dellamonica that the two San Francisco unions finally reached an agreement, which the membership approved by vote. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Part I of this collection contains material from the San Francisco Federation of Teachers, including  minutes of the Executive Boards (1951-52, 1956-68) and general membership meeting minutes (1956-68); clippings, bulletins, memos, and photos concerning the 1968 strike and negotiations; clippings from the 1971 strike; reports and correspondence of the Bargaining Committee and various other committees; and newsletters.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Part II consist of records created before, during, and after the merger of the SFFT and SFCTA. Included are correspondence, chronological files, minutes, newsletters, news releases, leaflets and flyers, membership and dues ledgers, grievance files, salary schedules, contracts, constitutions and bylaws, chronological files, and photographs.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/2089#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1359">Ballard, James</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1928">California Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1205">California Teachers Association </category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1182">Class size</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1362">Collective Bargaining - Teachers - California</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1929">Education, Bilingual</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/138">National Education Association</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/618">Political Action</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1926">San Francisco Unified School District</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1360">Shelley, Joan-Marie</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1931">Strikes and lockouts--Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1930">Substitute teachers</category>
 <enclosure url="https://reuther.wayne.edu/files/LR000524.pdf" length="325305" type="application/pdf" />
 <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2008 16:06:08 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>dgolodner</dc:creator>
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</item>
<item>
 <title>AFT Affiliate St. Louis Teachers Union Local 420 Records</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/2092</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;The St. Louis (Missouri) Teachers Union was organized in 1935 by Paul W. Preisler, as&lt;br /&gt;
the Teachers Union of St. Louis and St. Louis County. Its jurisdiction extended over&lt;br /&gt;
these separate political entities in order to include members from Washington University.&lt;br /&gt;
In 1944 the name of the local was changed to Teacher’s Federation of St. Louis and St.&lt;br /&gt;
Louis County. Its 1948 merger with Local 680, St. Louis Vocational Teachers’ Union,&lt;br /&gt;
extended Local 420’s jurisdiction to include “all eligible teachers in St. Louis and St.&lt;br /&gt;
Louis County including vocational and college teachers.” By 1962 its name had been&lt;br /&gt;
shortened to St. Louis Teachers Union. The St. Louis Teachers Union experienced great growth between 1961 and 1963, during which period its membership grew from 81 to 1,417. Membership grew in the 1970s after the AFT became sole bargaining agent for teachers and with the inclusion of paraprofessionals and support staff, but internal disputes and unsuccessful strikes led to many resignations and a decline in membership in 1968 and 1976.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Part I of this collection contains office files of the AFT local representing the teachers of St. Louis, Missouri. Correspondence, clippings, minutes, press releases, and other materials dealing with such topics as tenure, desegregation, educational standards, membership drives, and collective bargaining by teachers. Several of the files consist of the records of Betty Finneran as a vice-president of the AFT. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Part II of this collection contains material created or used by Betty Finneran and reflect her activities as well as activities of the union as a whole. Finneran served as president, secretary, and treasurer of Local 420 and founded the Retiree Chapter. Local 420 subjects include a dispute with the Missouri Federation of Teachers, raiding between Local 420 and the local National Education Association chapter, internal disputes among board members, organizing and elections, and desegregation of St. Louis schools. Outside of Local 420, Finneran was involved with the St. Louis Coalition of Labor Union Women and other women&#039;s rights efforts.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/2092#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1919">Battle-White, Evelyn</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/921">Coalition of Labor Union Women (U.S.)</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/461">Contract negotiations</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/359">Desegregation</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1920">Dubose, Demosthenes</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1916">Equal rights amendments--1970-1980</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/716">Integration</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/60">Labor unions</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/714">Megel, Carl</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1915">Missouri ERA Coalition</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/702">Porter, Robert</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1917">Segregation in education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/713">Teacher Testing</category>
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 <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2008 16:06:08 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>dgolodner</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">2092 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
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<item>
 <title>AFT Organizing Department Records</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/13135</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;The Organizing Department facilitates the growth of local affiliates of the American Federation of Teachers. Under the tenures of David Selden and Albert Shanker, both of whom had extensive organizing experience prior to their respective presidencies, organizing efforts ramped up significantly in the 1960s and 1970s. The AFT was the fastest growing union in the mid-1970s when organizing became a distinct department. The department provides services and resources to state and local affiliates across the country. Field representatives and other department staff members assist locals in organizing campaigns and collective bargaining elections. Individuals who have served as head of organizing in the past include Jim Mundy, John Schmid, Phil Kugler, and Lou Nayman. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The AFT Organizing Department Records include correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, contracts and bargaining agreements, grievance files, surveys, newsletters and brochures, personnel files, material related to workshops and conferences, and organizing campaign files. Organizing efforts revolve around primary and secondary school teachers and paraprofessionals, bus drivers, college and university employees, and nurses and other health care professionals.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/13135#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/836">AFL-CIO</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/274">Collective bargaining</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/138">National Education Association</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1117">Nurses</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1157">Public Employees</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1931">Strikes and lockouts--Teachers</category>
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 <pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2015 16:37:56 -0500</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>scaloia</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">13135 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
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<item>
 <title>Ann Filardo Papers</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/3527</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;Ann Filardo was chairperson and executive board member of the Teachers Action Caucus, a rank and file caucus within the United Federation of Teachers, and founder of the United Action Caucus, a national rank and file group within the American Federation of Teachers. Her papers reflect her involvement with both groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/3527#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/60">Labor unions</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/550">Labor unions--Factionalism</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/606">New York (N.Y.) -- Race relations</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/593">Ocean Hill-Brownsville Demonstration School District (New York, N.Y.)</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/531">Vietnam War, 1961-1975</category>
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 <pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2008 16:09:57 -0500</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>drice</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">3527 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
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<item>
 <title>(30374) AFT President Albert Shanker talking to Loretta Johnson</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10172</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;AFT President Albert Shanker with AFT vice president Loretta Johnson at the Paraprofessionals and School Related Personnel Conference.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10172#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/4">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/91">Shanker, Albert</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 15:45:32 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>jhelpap</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">10172 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>(30375) Paraprofessionals and School Related Personnel Conference</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10173</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;Members of AFT&#039;s standing committee on paraprofessionals at the conference were (from left) Maria Portalatin (New York City), Ernestine Brown (Chicago), and Earlean Greene (Detroit). &lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10173#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/4">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/589">Johnson, Loretta</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 15:57:01 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>jhelpap</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">10173 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>(30376) AFT Vice-President Loretta Johnson, Phyllis Korfeld</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10174</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;AFT vice-president Loretta Johnson chats with Phyllis Kornfeld, both of the AFT&#039;s national paraprofessional /SRP committee&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10174#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/4">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/589">Johnson, Loretta</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 16:07:19 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>jhelpap</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">10174 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
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<item>
 <title>(30377) AFT President Albert Shanker speaks at the Paraprofessionals and School Related Personnel Conference</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10175</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;AFT president Albert Shanker speaks at the opening session of the PSRP conference.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10175#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/4">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/53">Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/91">Shanker, Albert</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 16:12:28 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>jhelpap</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">10175 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>(30379) AFL-CIO Director of Education Dorothy Shields</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10177</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;AFL-CIO director of education, Dorothy Shields speaks at the Paraprofessionals and School Related Personnel conference.She was the keynote speaker on the last day of the conference.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/10177#comments</comments>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/692">AFL-CIO. Committee on Political Education. </category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/4">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/11">American Federation of Teachers</category>
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 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 16:30:53 -0400</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>jhelpap</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">10177 at https://reuther.wayne.edu</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>[Podcast] Para Power: How Paraprofessional Labor Changed Education</title>
 <link>https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/15421</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;Dr. Nick Juravich discusses the experiences of the first-generation of paraprofessional educators in New York City in the 1960s-1980s and their impact on the city’s educational system, community relations, and public sector unions. &lt;span class=&#039;read-more&#039;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/15421&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;read&amp;nbsp;more&amp;nbsp;&amp;raquo;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
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 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1826">American Federation of Teachers</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1183">Community and school</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1187">Education, Elementary</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/874">Education, Preschool</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1188">Education, Secondary</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1186">Education--Parent participation</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/715">Paraprofessionals in Education</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/2102">Public schools</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/766">School employees</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/1825">Teachers&amp;#039; unions</category>
 <category domain="https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/877">Teachers--Training of</category>
 <pubDate>Thu, 07 Aug 2025 07:18:53 -0400</pubDate>
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